MIRWAN SAPUTRA (0813042037), SLA ASSIGMENT, ANALYSIS OF NEGOTIATION OF MEANING

ANALYSIS OF NEGOTIATION OF MEANING IN CONVERSATION THROUGH INFORMATION GAP IN THE PICTURE

( SLA ASSIGMENT )

BY:

Mirwan Saputra

0813042037

ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

ART AND LANGUAGE DEPARTMENT

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND PEDAGOGY

LAMPUNG UNIVERSITY

2011

I.                   INTRODUCTION

1.1   Background of The Problem

 Negotiation of meaning is defined as a series of exchanges conducted by addressors and addresses to help themselves understand and be understood by interlocutor. It implies that negotiation of meaning is very important because it helps us to understand and be understood (Yufrizal, 2008). Furthermore, Pica et al (1989) suggest that negotiations of meaning basically consist of four interrelated moves. The moves are trigger, signal, response, and follow-up moves. Trigger is defined as an utterance or portion of utterance on the part of the speaker, which results in some indications of non-understanding on the part of the hearer. Signal is an indication of non-understanding on the part of the hearer. Signal can be classified into two signals. The signals are signal of clarification request and signal of confirmation check. Response is the reaction to the signals. Response can be classified into nine responses. They are switch to a new topic, repetition of trigger, modification of trigger, repetition of indicator, confirm indicator, inability to respond, ignore indicator, and response unnecessary. Follow-up is the reply that is given in the case that trigger has been understood by hearer or it is an indication of understanding on the part of the hearer.

From explanation above, we find out that signal and response can be classified into some kinds of signal and response. But, we do not know yet which signal and response that are more frequently used in negotiation of meaning in a conversation. For this reason, the researcher conducted a research to find out which signal and response that are more frequently used in negotiation of meaning in a conversation titled An Analysis of Signal and Response in the Negotiation of Meaning conducted in Conversation between upper and lower students.

1.2   Research Problem

Considering the background above, the researcher formulates the problem of research as stated: Which signal and response are more frequently used in the negotiation of meaning conducted in conversation between two students?

1.3  The objective of the research